Indian Journal of Science and Technology
DOI: 10.17485/ijst/2019/v12i21/144520
Year: 2019, Volume: 12, Issue: 21, Pages: 1-12
Original Article
Princely Ebenezer Gnanakani1, Perumal Santhanam2, Kumpati Premkumar3, Kilari Eswar Kumar4 and Magharla Dasaratha Dhanaraju5*
1Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada − 533003, Andhra Pradesh, India; [email protected]
2Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli − 620024, Tamil Nadu, India; [email protected]
3 Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli − 620024, Tami Nadu, India; [email protected]
4Department of Pharmacology, Andhra University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam − 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India; [email protected]
5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, GIET School of Pharmacy, Rajahmundry − 533294, Andhra Pradesh, India; [email protected]
*Author for correspondence
Magharla Dasaratha Dhanaraju
Department of Pharmaceutical Science, GIET School of Pharmacy, Rajahmundry − 533294, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Email: [email protected]
Objectives: The natural biomolecules from microalgae were renowned for their biomedical and pharmacological applications. In this study, cytotoxic efficacy of Nannochloropsis extracts was investigated on lung cancer induced by benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in mice. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Acute toxicity studies using Ethyl Acetate Extract Nannochloropsis Hexane (EAENH) fractionated extract (5 mg/kg, 50 mg/Kg, 300 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg) were carried out in mice. Thein vivo study was accomplished in mice generated with lung cancer. Findings: The acute toxicity showed EAENH was non-toxic up to 2000 mg/kg devoid of any deaths throughout the study. The in vivo study demonstrates upsurge in the final body weight than the tumour-bearing mice group with reduced lung weight in EAENH-treated mice. The haematological and biochemical parameters of EAENH-treated animals gradually reversed to standard values. The antioxidant enzymes generated in EAENH-treated animals initiated apoptosis by oxidative stress. The histopathology of lungs displayed protective efficiency in the EAENH treated groups. It was evident through Western Blot analysis, EAENH turned on caspase 3, up-regulated CYP1A1 and Bax proapoptotic protein, down-regulated Bcl2 antiapoptotic protein in EAENH-treated animals suggesting EAENH promotes apoptosis via Caspase-dependent pathway. RT-PCR involves EAENHinduced apoptotic activity by instigating caspase and impeding phosphorylation of ERK/Akt in tumour cells. EAENH repressed the tumour growth in a dose-dependent manner. Application/Improvements: The findings suggested that phytochemicals in EAENH could be used successfully as cytotoxic agent for lung cancer.
Keywords: Benzo(a)pyrene, Mice, Nannochloropsis, Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Western Blot
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