Interaction of Pc4 ULF waves with solar wind velocity and its dependence on Kp values

M T Khan; K A Nafees; A K Singh

doi:10.17485/IJST/v14i12.2317

Article

Interaction of Pc4 ULF waves with solar wind velocity and its dependence on Kp values

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Indian Journal of Science and Technology

DOI: 10.17485/IJST/v14i12.2317

Year: 2021, Volume: 14, Issue: 12, Pages: 1013-1020

Original Article

Interaction of Pc4 ULF waves with solar wind velocity and its dependence on Kp values

M T Khan^1*, K A Nafees², A K Singh³

¹Department of Physics, G.F. College, Shahjahanpur, 242001, UP, India
²Dept. of App. Physics, Adama Sci. & Tech. University, Adama, Ethiopia
³Department of Physics, Bareilly College, Bareilly, 234001, UP, India

*Corresponding Author
Email: [email protected]

Received Date:04 January 2021, Accepted Date:22 March 2021, Published Date:14 April 2021

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Magnetic Pulsations recorded on the ground in the earth are produced by processes inside the magnetosphere and solar wind. These processes produce a wide variety of ULF hydromagnetic wave type which can be categorized on the ground as either Pi or Pc pulsations (irregular or continuous). Methods: Distinctive regions of the magnetosphere originate different frequencies of waves. Digital Dynamic Spectra (DDS) for the northsouth (X), east-west (Y) and vertical (Z) components of the recorded data were constructed for every day for 365 days (January 1 to December 31, 2005) in the station order PON, HAN and NAG respectively. Pc4 geomagnetic pulsations are quasi-sinusoidal fluctuations in the earth’s magnetic field in the length range 45-150 seconds. The magnitude of these pulsations ranges from fraction of a Nano Tesla (nT) to several nT. The monthly variation of Pc4 occurrence has a Kp dependence range of 0 to 9-. However, Pc4 occurrence was reported for Kp values, yet the major Pc4 events occurred for rage 5+ <Kp< 8+. The magnitudes of intervals of Pc4 occurrence decreased in the station order PON, HAN and NAG respectively. Analysis of the data for the whole year 2005 provided similar patterns of Pc4 occurrence for Vsw at all the three stations. Although Pc4 ULF wave occurrence become reported for Vsw ranging from 250 to 1000 Km/s, yet the major Pc4 event recorded for a Vsw range of 300-700 Km/sec. Findings: The current study is undertaken for describing the interaction of Pc4 ULF waves with solar wind speed and its dependence on Kp values. The results suggest that the solar wind control Pc4 occurrence through a mechanism in which Pc4 wave energy is convected through the magnetosheath and coupled to the standing oscillations of the magnetospheric field lines. PACS Nos: 94.30.cq; 96.50.Tf

Keywords: Geomagnetic micropulsations; MHD waves and instabilities; Solar wind-control of Pc4 pulsation

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© 2021 Khan et al.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Published By Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee)