Critical cases of COVID-19 patients can be predicted by the biomarkers of complete blood count

Sama M Attiyah; Hoda M Elsayed; Jamil A Al Mughales; Ahmed B Moharram; Mohamed Abdel Fattah

doi:10.17485/IJST/v13i48.2033

Article

Critical cases of COVID-19 patients can be predicted by the biomarkers of complete blood count

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Indian Journal of Science and Technology

DOI: 10.17485/IJST/v13i48.2033

Year: 2020, Volume: 13, Issue: 48, Pages: 4739-4745

Original Article

Critical cases of COVID-19 patients can be predicted by the biomarkers of complete blood count

Sama M Attiyah¹, Hoda M Elsayed^2*, Jamil A Al-Mughales³, Ahmed B Moharram⁴, Mohamed Abdel-Fattah⁵,⁶

¹Assistant professor of immunology and cardiology, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Al Kamel Branch, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
²Assistant professor of immunology and parasitology, Biology Department, Faculty
of Sciences and Arts, Al Kamel Branch, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Tel.: 00966562052341
³Assistant professor of immunology, consultant diagnostic immunologist, head of the
clinical immunology services, King Abdu Azizi hospital
⁴Chief Data Scientist & Evolutionary Artificial Intelligence Expert, master’s in information
systems [AI & DSS] / MBA [DSS] / IS Diploma, Germany-Berlin
⁵Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health & Health Informatics, Umm AL Qura
University, Saudi Arabia
⁶Research and Development Department, VACSERA, Egypt

*Corresponding Author
Tel: 00966562052341
Email:[email protected]

Received Date:09 November 2020, Accepted Date:12 December 2020, Published Date:07 January 2020

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Background: The confirmatory test for COVID-19 relies on the virus levels in the patients and sampling methods. Besides, there is no definitive description of the role of diagnostic lab parameters in the analysis of positive cases yet. Objective: To investigate the positive COVID-19 cases by screening out hematological biomarker for detection of disease severity and progression. Methods: Data of 110 confirmed COVID-19 cases at King Abdulaziz hospital were analyzed, 42 (38.2%) of the cases were treated in ICU. All variables’ means and variances were compared between two groups (non-severe patients and severe) using statistical analysis. Results: ICU and non-ICU positive cases rates were 38.2% and 61.8% respectively. Out of COVID-19 patients, 60% showed lymphopenia and neutrophilia (P < 0.025) and Eosinopenia (60.9%). Furthermore, low levels of MCH and hemoglobin were observed in 96.4% and 90%, respectively. At a significance level of 5%, statistical tests showed a statistically significant difference between groups under investigation in both the mean value and variance for lymphocyte, neutrophils, platelet, and WBCs variables. Conclusions: The analysed variables can be used for predicting patients with positive COVID-19 cases. Lymphocytes and neutrophils were much helpful in monitoring disease severity and infection progression. Moreover, these results encourage considering data as a useful, rapid, and easy way to arrive at a decision of disease severity.

Keywords: CBC; Laboratory biomarker; COVID-19; Lymphopenia; Eosinopenia

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Copyright

© 2020 Attiyah et al.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Published By Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee)