Indian Journal of Science and Technology

Abstract

Objectives: A comparison study of normal tibiofemoral joint and knee osteoarthritis is done to analyse the displacement, stress and strain values. Statistical Analysis: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a general type of arthritis in which there is a gradual loss of cartilage from the joints. Global Burden of Disease 2000 estimated that about 10% of the world’s population who are greater than 60 years of age have symptomatic issues that can be attributed to OA. The COPCORD investigations in India for the year 2011 concluded that the rough occurrence of clinically diagnosed knee OA was greater in the urban (5.5%) than the rustic group of people (3.3%). Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is thought to be an inexorably essential instrument for in vivo investigations of musculoskeletal biomechanics. Magnetic resonance images were obtained for two subjects in the age group of 40-45 years. Three dimensional models of a normal and OA knee joint are obtained using Mimics Research software 17 and FEA is done using ANSYS 14 software to determine displacement, stress and strain values. Findings: Finite Element models are powerful tools to foresee the impacts of various parameters required in knee agony and joint degradation and to give data generally hard to acquire from analyses. The 3D model of normal and OA knee joint further helps to design the prosthesis of knee for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) result includes the stresses and strains induced in the knee articular cartilages and meniscus during single-leg stance. Displacement, stress and strain values for OA knee are higher than the normal knee joint. Hooke’s law of modulus of elasticity is verified in this work. Then finite element model (FEM) is validated through geometrical measurements such as Joint space width, cartilage thickness and meniscus thickness. Improvements: This data can be combined with other analysis and modeling tools, for example, gait analysis and FE modeling to test hypotheses concerning joint function and the impacts of wounds
Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Biomechanics, Stresses, Strains, Joint Space Width, Cartilage Thickness