Floodplain Mapping Using Hydraulic Simulation and Geographic Information System

Mrs Shweta Patil; A R Kambekar

doi:10.17485/IJST/v15i39.1056

Article

Floodplain Mapping Using Hydraulic Simulation and Geographic Information System

VIEWS 1067
PDF 753

Indian Journal of Science and Technology

DOI: 10.17485/IJST/v15i39.1056

Year: 2022, Volume: 15, Issue: 39, Pages: 2027-2036

Original Article

Floodplain Mapping Using Hydraulic Simulation and Geographic Information System

Mrs Shweta Patil¹, A R Kambekar^2*

¹Research Scholar, BVB’s Sardar Patel College of Engineering Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
²Associate Professor, BVB’s Sardar Patel College of Engineering Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

*Corresponding Author
Email: [email protected]

Received Date:16 May 2022, Accepted Date:19 September 2022, Published Date:17 October 2022

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Objectives- A flood is a strangely high stage in a river generally, the level at which the river overflows its banks inundates the adjacent area. Flood occurs due to intense rainfall, dense population, industrialization, illegal settlement along riverbanks, bank erosion, high tide, and urbanization, and it causes harmful damage to human beings and properties. It can be taken care of by adopting flood risk measures. One of the measures is the development of flood inundation maps. Hence in the current study, flood inundation maps are developed with the integration of GIS and HEC-RAS along the Bhīma River reach in Maharashtra, India. Methods: In this study, using the series of annual peak discharges, flood flows were estimated for different recurrence intervals. Inundated areas marked along the Bhīma River represent peak flows of 25 years and 100 years return periods using HEC-RAS, ArcGIS handling of spatial data, and HEC-GEORAS for the interfacing between HEC-RAS and ArcGIS. Simulation for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100-year return periods is done, and inundation maps have been developed for the 100-years reoccurrence interval. Findings:The analysis on the left and right banks has been done using water surface elevations generated from the HEC-RAS model. The significant findings revealed that the left bank representing the east side of the river is more vulnerable to water spills than the right bank representing the west side of the river. The flooded areas along the Bhīma River are 32.4 km2 and 43.82 km2 for 25-year and 100-year reoccurrence intervals, respectively. Generally, this study revealed that urban and agricultural areas downstream of river reach are more susceptible to flooding. Novelty: The developed inundation map will help the local authority in effective decision-making and disaster management in flooding situations, especially on the left bank side of Bhīma River. Obtained water surface elevations and flood inundation depths can help to decide the necessity of structural measures that can reduce the deteriorating effects of flooding

Keywords: Inundation map; flood frequency; DEM; Sensitivity analysis; Return Period; HEC-RAS

References

Aydin MC, Birincioğlu ES. Flood risk analysis using gis-based analytical hierarchy process: a case study of Bitlis Province. Applied Water Science. 2022;12(6):1–10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-022-01655-x
Nigusse AG, Adhanom OG. Flood Hazard and Flood Risk Vulnerability Mapping Using Geo-Spatial and MCDA around Adigrat, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia. Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science. 2019;11(1):90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4314/mejs.v11i1.6
Loi NK, Liem ND, Tu LH, Hong NT, Truong CD, Tram VNQ, et al. Automated procedure of real-time flood forecasting in Vu Gia – Thu Bon river basin, Vietnam by integrating SWAT and HEC-RAS models. Journal of Water and Climate Change. 2019;10(3):535–545. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.015
Surwase T, Manjusree P, Prakash S, Kuntla S. Development of algorithms for evaluating performance of flood simulation models with satellite-derived flood. H2Open Journal. 2020;3(1):222–235. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2020.117
Madhuri R, Raja YSLS, Raju KS, Punith BS, Manoj K. Urban flood risk analysis of buildings using HEC-RAS 2D in climate change framework. H2Open Journal. 2021;4(1):262–275. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2021.111
Singh SK, Kanga S, Đurin B, Kranjčić N, Chaurasia R, Markovinović D. Flood risk modeling using HEC-RAS and geospatial techniques. E-Zbornik, Elektron Zb Rad Građevinskog Fak. 2021;11:20–36. Available from: https://doi.org/10.47960/2232-9080.2021.22.11.20
Leal M, Reis E, Santos PP. Exploring spatial relationships between stream channel features, water depths and flow velocities during flash floods using HEC-GeoRAS and Geographic Information Systems. Journal of Geographical Sciences. 2022;32(4):757–782. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-022-1971-z
Zhou Q, Su J, Arnbjerg-Nielsen K, Ren Y, Luo J, Ye Z, et al. A GIS-Based Hydrological Modeling Approach for Rapid Urban Flood Hazard Assessment. Water. 2021;13(11):1483. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13111483
Adane A, Abate B. River Modeling for Flood Inundation Map Predictions Using 2D-Hec-Ras Hydraulic Modeling With Integration of Gis. ASEAN Engineering Journal. 2022;12(1):9–15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v12.16483
Kocsis I, Bilașco Ș, Irimuș IAA, Dohotar V, Rusu R, Roșca S. Flash Flood Vulnerability Mapping Based on FFPI Using GIS Spatial Analysis Case Study: Valea Rea Catchment Area, Romania. Sensors. 2022;22(9):3573. Available from: https://doi.org/ 10.3390/s22093573
Dash P, Sar J. Identification and validation of potential flood hazard area using <scp>GIS</scp> ‐based multi‐criteria analysis and satellite data‐derived water index. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 2020;13(3):1–14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12620
Nsangou D, Kpoumié A, Mfonka Z, Ngouh AN, Fossi DH, Jourdan C, et al. Urban flood susceptibility modelling using AHP and GIS approach: case of the Mfoundi watershed at Yaoundé in the South-Cameroon plateau. Scientific African. 2022;15:e01043. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01043
Puno GR, Puno R, Maghuyop IV. Flood hazard simulation and mapping using digital elevation models with different resolutions. Glob J Environ Sci Manag. 2022;8(3):339–52. Available from: https://doi.org/10.22034/gjesm.2022.03.04
Samantaray S, Sahoo A. Estimation of flood frequency using statistical method: Mahanadi River basin, India. H2Open Journal. 2020;3(1):189–207. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2020.004
Coronado-Hernández ÓE, Merlano-Sabalza E, Díaz-Vergara Z, Coronado-Hernández JR. Selection of Hydrological Probability Distributions for Extreme Rainfall Events in the Regions of Colombia. Water. 2020;12(5):1397. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/W12051397
George SL, Kantamaneni K, Prasad KA, Shekhar S, Panneer S, Rice L, et al. A Multi-Data Geospatial Approach for Understanding Flood Risk in the Coastal Plains of Tamil Nadu, India. Earth. 2022;3(1):383–400. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/earth3010023
Vojtek M, Petroselli A, Vojteková J, Asgharinia S. Flood inundation mapping in small and ungauged basins: sensitivity analysis using the EBA4SUB and HEC-RAS modeling approach. Hydrology Research. 2019;50(4):1002–1019. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.163

Copyright

© 2022 Patil & Kambekar. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Published By Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee)