Quality Assessment and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Varying Formulations of Nipa Bioethanol-Derived Gel

Jayson F Cariaga; Loreli Faye T Manzano; Alvin G Domingo; Francis A Gamboa; Karyl Mae D Ramos; Shirley C Agrupis

doi:10.17485/IJST/v16i42.857

Article

Quality Assessment and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Varying Formulations of Nipa Bioethanol-Derived Gel

VIEWS 186
PDF 57

Indian Journal of Science and Technology

DOI: 10.17485/IJST/v16i42.857

Year: 2023, Volume: 16, Issue: 42, Pages: 3756-3763

Original Article

Quality Assessment and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Varying Formulations of Nipa Bioethanol-Derived Gel

Jayson F Cariaga^1*, Loreli Faye T Manzano¹, Alvin G Domingo¹, Francis A Gamboa¹, Karyl Mae D Ramos¹, Shirley C Agrupis²

¹Researcher, National Bioenergy Research and Innovation Center, Mariano Marcos State University, Philippines
²Professor, Graduate School, Mariano Marcos State University, Philippines

*Corresponding Author
Email: [email protected]

Received Date:13 April 2023, Accepted Date:19 April 2023, Published Date:13 November 2023

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of alcogel treatments derived from Nipa bioethanol against common bacterial strains and provide insights into their quality assessment for enhanced effectiveness. Methods: Each treatment was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer Disc-Diffusion Susceptibility test, and Rheological tests were conducted to measure the viscosity of each treatment. Findings: Results showed that several treatments exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against both bacterial strains, with mean zones of inhibition values ranging from 19.06 mm to 30.38 mm. Treatment A, with a mean zone of inhibition of 30.38 mm against E. coli, was found to be the most effective alcogel treatment. Furthermore, the study showed that viscosity and the modification of the formulation did not significantly affect the antibacterial activity of the alcogel treatments. Novelty: These findings provide insights into the formulation of alcogel treatments derived from Nipa bioethanol for enhanced antimicrobial activity against common bacterial strains.

Keywords: Alcogel, Nipa bioethanol, Antimicrobial activity

References

Prajapati P, Desai H, Chandarana C. Hand sanitizers as a preventive measure in COVID-19 pandemic, its characteristics, and harmful effects: a review. Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association. 2022;97(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-021-00094-x
Dhama K, Patel SK, Kumar R, Masand R, Rana J, Yatoo MI, et al. The role of disinfectants and sanitizers during COVID-19 pandemic: advantages and deleterious effects on humans and the environment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021;28:34211–34228. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14429-w
Cohen G, Kreutzer N, Mowat K, Hassan AA, Dvorak B. Compliance with hand sanitizer quality during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Assessing the impurities in an ethanol plant. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021;297:1–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113329
Amanullah A&, Kapilan R. Utilization of bioethanol generated from papaw peel waste for hand sanitizer production. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies. 2021;8(3):101–124. Available from: https://ijms.sljol.info/articles/10.4038/ijms.v8i3.152
Guide to Local Production: WHO-Recommended Handrub Formulations. World Health Organization. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332005/WHO-IER-PSP-2010.5-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y (accessed 2021-June-25)
Manaye G, Muleta D, Henok A, Asres A, Mamo Y, Feyissa D, et al. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers Sold in Southwest Ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2021;14:547–554. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S288852
Sommatis S, Capillo MC, Maccario C, Rauso R, D’este E, Herrera M, et al. Antimicrobial Efficacy Assessment and Rheological Investigation of Two Different Hand Sanitizers Compared with the Standard Reference WHO Formulation 1. Gels. 2023;9(2):1–15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9020108
Villa C, Russo E. Hydrogels in Hand Sanitizers. Materials. 2021;14(7):1–20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14071577
Mahto D. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (30). (pp. 4-10) 2020.
Berardi A, Perinelli DR, Merchant HA, Bisharat L, Basheti IA, Bonacucina G, et al. Hand sanitisers amid CoViD-19: A critical review of alcohol-based products on the market and formulation approaches to respond to increasing demand. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2020;584:1–14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119431
Pasquini C, Hespanhol MC, Cruz KAML, Pereira AF. Monitoring the quality of ethanol-based hand sanitizers by low-cost near-infrared spectroscopy. Microchemical Journal. 2020;159:1–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2020.105421
Abouzeid RE, Salama A, El-Fakharany EM, Guarino V. Mineralized Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate Hydrogels Incorporating Cellulose Nanofibrils for Bone and Wound Healing. Molecules. 2022;27(3):1–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030697
Liu Z, Couto R, Seifried B, Yépez B, Moquin P, Temelli F. Drying of sodium alginate using Pressurized Gas eXpanded (PGX) liquid technology. Journal of CO2 Utilization. 2022;61:102006. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102006
Zhang W, Liu Y, Xuan Y, Zhang S. Synthesis and Applications of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogels. Gels. 2022;8(9):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8090529
Chojnacki M, Dobrotka C, Osborn R, Johnson W, Young M, Meyer B, et al. Evaluating the Antimicrobial Properties of Commercial Hand Sanitizers. mSphere. 2021;6(2):1–15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00062-21
Sommatis S, Capillo MC, Maccario C, Rauso R, D’este E, Herrera M, et al. Antimicrobial Efficacy Assessment and Rheological Investigation of Two Different Hand Sanitizers Compared with the Standard Reference WHO Formulation 1. Gels. 2023;9(2):1–15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9020108

Copyright

© 2023 Cariaga et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Published By Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee)