Indian Journal of Science and Technology
DOI: 10.17485/IJST/v14i14.2346
Year: 2021, Volume: 14, Issue: 14, Pages: 1105-1115
Original Article
Arshad Ahmad Najar1, Mohd Ashaq2*, Nisar Ahmad Bhat3, Swati Khare4, Arif Ahmad Rather1, Ajaz Ahmad Wani1, Rabia Jahangir1
1Department of Botany, Government. Science & Commerce College Benazir, Bhopal, M.P, India
2Department of Botany, Government P.G College, Rajouri, 185132, Jammu(J&K), India
3Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Billawar, 184204, Kathua, J&K, India
4Department of Botany, Government MLB Girls PG Autonomous College, Bhopal (M.P), India
*Corresponding Author
Email: [email protected]
Received Date:31 December 2020, Accepted Date:11 April 2021, Published Date:26 April 2021
Objective: To establish diagnostic features of same looking plants (C. gigantea and C. procera) and also to explore the diurnal influence on their Pharmacognosy values. Methodology: To meet the objectives, the characteristics of these plants were explored by macroscopic, microscopic (light microscopy), and also by physio-chemical parameters. The physiochemical analysis was performed with air dried leaves and flowers of C. gigantea and C. procera. The collected samples were used for the quantitative determination of ash value (water soluble, acid soluble and sulphate ash values), extractive values, loss on drying, swelling index, and foaming index through standard methods. The leaf and flower extracts (with different solvents) were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening using the fluorescence test. Further, to explore the diurnal influence, the samples were plucked at different time intervals (morning, afternoon and evening) and fixed immediately for further processing. Results: It was observed that the macroscopic, microscopic and physiochemical characteristics analysed could serve as diagnostic features to distinguish these closely related species. Phytochemically, these plants are rich in constituents like carbohydrates, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, phenolic compounds and terpenoids. Moreover, physio-chemical parameters with methanolic extracts provided higher bioactive constituents than other solvents. Besides this, total ash values were found to be maximum i.e. PLA (15.33 0.050%) and GFE (14.15 0.031%) than other acid insoluble and water-soluble values which were under 2-10%. Pertinently, the moisture content was found little higher in C. gigantea GLA (10.60 0.200%) and GFA (11.06 0.100) than in C. procera PLA (8.81 0.598%) and PFA (9.92 0.244, while a considerable amount of foaming content was present in both the species was less than 100. On the basis of observed pharmacognosy, C. procera was found more promising in drug prospective bioactive constituents than C. gigantea and thereby offers more contribution toward establishment of pharmacognostic profile of this medicinally effective plant species. Novelty: Our approach pays a way for the inclusion of an important factor (diurnal factor) in assessing the medical efficacy of desired plant species that could help in sampling the specific plant material with desired chemical profile and enhanced pharmacognosy potential.
Keywords: Anatomy; Ash value; Calotropis; Medicinal plants; Stomata;Trichomes
© 2021 Najar et al.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Published By Indian Society for Education and Environment (iSee)
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